reflex/docs/components/rendering_iterables.md
2024-02-26 17:18:28 +01:00

198 lines
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Markdown

```python exec
import reflex as rx
from pcweb.pages.docs import vars
```
# Rendering Iterables
You will often want to display multiple similar components from a collection of data. The `rx.foreach` component takes an `iterable` (list, tuple or dict) and a `function` that renders each item in the list. This is useful for dynamically rendering a list of items defined in a state.
In this first simple example we iterate through a `list` of colors and render the name of the color and use this color as the background for that `rx.box`. As we can see we have a function `colored_box` that we pass to the `rx.foreach` component. This function renders each item from the `list` that we have defined as a state var `color`.
```python demo exec
class IterState(rx.State):
color: list[str] = [
"red",
"green",
"blue",
"yellow",
"orange",
"purple",
]
def colored_box(color: str):
return rx.box(rx.text(color), background_color=color)
def simple_foreach():
return rx.chakra.responsive_grid(
rx.foreach(IterState.color, colored_box),
columns=[2, 4, 6],
)
```
```md alert warning
# The type signature of the functions does not matter to the `foreach` component. It's the type annotation on the `state var` that determines what operations are available (e.g. when nesting).
```
## Enumeration
The function can also take an index as a second argument, meaning that we can enumerate through data as shown in the example below.
```python demo exec
class IterIndexState(rx.State):
color: list[str] = [
"red",
"green",
"blue",
"yellow",
"orange",
"purple",
]
def enumerate_foreach():
return rx.chakra.responsive_grid(
rx.foreach(
IterIndexState.color,
lambda color, index: rx.box(rx.text(index), bg=color)
),
columns=[2, 4, 6],
)
```
## Dictionary
We can iterate through a `dict` data structure using a `foreach`. When the dict is passed through to the function that renders each item, it is presented as a list of key-value pairs `[("sky", "blue"), ("balloon", "red"), ("grass", "green")]`.
```python demo exec
class SimpleDictIterState(rx.State):
color_chart: dict[str, str] = {
"sky": "blue",
"balloon": "red",
"grass": "green",
}
def display_color(color: list):
# color is presented as a list key-value pairs [("sky", "blue"), ("balloon", "red"), ("grass", "green")]
return rx.box(rx.text(color[0]), bg=color[1], padding_x="1.5em")
def dict_foreach():
return rx.chakra.responsive_grid(
rx.foreach(
SimpleDictIterState.color_chart,
display_color,
),
columns=[2, 4, 6],
)
```
## Nested examples
`rx.foreach` can be used with nested state vars. Here we use nested `foreach` components to render the nested state vars. The `rx.foreach(project["technologies"], get_badge)` inside of the `project_item` function, renders the `dict` values which are of type `list`. The `rx.box(rx.foreach(NestedStateFE.projects, project_item))` inside of the `projects_example` function renders each `dict` inside of the overall state var `projects`.
```python demo exec
class NestedStateFE(rx.State):
projects: list[dict[str, list]] = [
{
"technologies": ["Next.js", "Prisma", "Tailwind", "Google Cloud", "Docker", "MySQL"]
},
{
"technologies": ["Python", "Flask", "Google Cloud", "Docker"]
}
]
def get_badge(technology: str) -> rx.Component:
return rx.chakra.badge(technology, variant="subtle", color_scheme="green")
def project_item(project: dict) -> rx.Component:
return rx.box(
rx.hstack(
rx.foreach(project["technologies"], get_badge)
),
)
def projects_example() -> rx.Component:
return rx.box(rx.foreach(NestedStateFE.projects, project_item))
```
If you want an example where not all of the values in the dict are the same type then check out the example on [var operations using foreach]({vars.var_operations.path}).
Here is a further example of how to use `foreach` with a nested data structure.
```python demo exec
class NestedDictIterState(rx.State):
color_chart: dict[str, list[str]] = {
"purple": ["red", "blue"],
"orange": ["yellow", "red"],
"green": ["blue", "yellow"],
}
def display_colors(color: list[str, list[str]]):
return rx.vstack(
rx.text(color[0], color=color[0]),
rx.hstack(
rx.foreach(
color[1],
lambda x: rx.box(
rx.text(x, color="black"), bg=x
),
)
),
)
def nested_dict_foreach():
return rx.chakra.responsive_grid(
rx.foreach(
NestedDictIterState.color_chart,
display_colors,
),
columns=[2, 4, 6],
)
```
## Foreach with Cond
We can also use `foreach` with the `cond` component.
In this example we define the function `render_item`. This function takes in an `item`, uses the `cond` to check if the item `is_packed`. If it is packed it returns the `item_name` with a `✔` next to it, and if not then it just returns the `item_name`. We use the `foreach` to iterate over all of the items in the `to_do_list` using the `render_item` function.
```python demo exec
class ToDoListItem(rx.Base):
item_name: str
is_packed: bool
class ForeachCondState(rx.State):
to_do_list: list[ToDoListItem] = [
ToDoListItem(item_name="Space suit", is_packed=True),
ToDoListItem(item_name="Helmet", is_packed=True),
ToDoListItem(item_name="Back Pack", is_packed=False),
]
def render_item(item: [str, bool]):
return rx.cond(
item.is_packed,
rx.chakra.list_item(item.item_name + ' ✔'),
rx.chakra.list_item(item.item_name),
)
def packing_list():
return rx.vstack(
rx.text("Sammy's Packing List"),
rx.chakra.list(rx.foreach(ForeachCondState.to_do_list, render_item)),
)
```