Use better string splitting techniques where possible (#8226)

## What changed?

This PR aims to avoid usage of
[`strings.Split`](https://pkg.go.dev/strings#Split) where possible in
favor of better string splitting techniques, speficially:
[`strings.SplitN`](https://pkg.go.dev/strings#SplitN) and
[`strings.SplitSeq`](https://pkg.go.dev/strings#SplitSeq) where
appropriate.

There was also a [`strings.Fields`](https://pkg.go.dev/strings#Fields)
change I made to use
[`strings.FieldsSeq`](https://pkg.go.dev/strings#FieldsSeq) instead, and
another for S3 to use the [`path`](https://pkg.go.dev/path) package
instead of [`strings.Split`](https://pkg.go.dev/strings#Split).

## Why?

[`strings.SplitN`](https://pkg.go.dev/strings#SplitN) and
[`strings.SplitSeq`](https://pkg.go.dev/strings#SplitSeq) are often
better options in many cases, and can be _partially_ detected using
[`modernize`](https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/tools/gopls/internal/analysis/modernize):
> `stringsseq`: replace Split in "for range strings.Split(...)" by
go1.24's more efficient `SplitSeq`, or `Fields` with `FieldSeq`.

## How did you test it?
- [X] built
- [X] run locally and tested manually
- [x] covered by existing tests
- [x] added new unit test(s)
- [ ] added new functional test(s)

## Potential risks

There are lots of potentially subtle behaviors from the `strings.Split`
(and `strings.Fields`) usage that should be accounted for. If our
existing tests don't cover those subtleties, there's risk for
introducing an unintended bug. More intricate handling/parsing
previously using the `strings` package should get extra attention from
reviewers. I've attempted to break up my changes into logical commit
chunks to aid in review / help spot potentially concerning changes.

cmd/tools/codegen/helpers.go

@@ -81,17 +81,14 @@ func CamelCaseToSnakeCase(s string) string {
 }
 
 func SnakeCaseToPascalCase(s string) string {
-	// Split the string by underscores
-	words := strings.Split(s, "_")
-
-	// Capitalize the first letter of each word
-	for i, word := range words {
+	var b strings.Builder
+	// Capitalize the first letter of each word split by underscore
+	for word := range strings.SplitSeq(s, "_") {
 		// Convert first rune to upper and the rest to lower case
-		words[i] = cases.Title(language.AmericanEnglish).String(strings.ToLower(word))
+		b.WriteString(cases.Title(language.AmericanEnglish).String(strings.ToLower(word)))
 	}
-
 	// Join them back into a single string
-	return strings.Join(words, "")
+	return b.String()
 }
 
 func IsASCIIUpper(c rune) bool {

cmd/tools/codegen/helpers_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package codegen
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestSnakeCaseToPascalCase(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		in   string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{name: "empty", in: "", want: ""},
+		{name: "single_lower", in: "a", want: "A"},
+		{name: "single_upper", in: "A", want: "A"},
+		{name: "simple", in: "hello", want: "Hello"},
+		{name: "two_words", in: "hello_world", want: "HelloWorld"},
+		{name: "all_caps", in: "HELLO_WORLD", want: "HelloWorld"},
+		{name: "leading_underscore", in: "_leading", want: "Leading"},
+		{name: "trailing_underscore", in: "trailing_", want: "Trailing"},
+		{name: "double_underscore", in: "a__b", want: "AB"},
+		{name: "only_underscores", in: "__", want: ""},
+		{name: "common_id", in: "user_id", want: "UserId"},
+		{name: "with_digits", in: "http_server_v2", want: "HttpServerV2"},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := SnakeCaseToPascalCase(tt.in)
+			if got != tt.want {
+				t.Fatalf("SnakeCaseToPascalCase(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.in, got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

cmd/tools/getproto/main.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func findProtoImports() []string {
 		if d.Type().IsRegular() && strings.HasSuffix(path, ".proto") {
 			protoFile, err := os.ReadFile(path)
 			fatalIfErr(err)
-			for _, line := range strings.Split(string(protoFile), "\n") {
+			for line := range strings.SplitSeq(string(protoFile), "\n") {
 				if match := matchImport.FindStringSubmatch(line); len(match) > 0 {
 					i := match[1]
 					if strings.HasPrefix(i, "temporal/api/") ||

common/archiver/gcloud/util.go

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ func newRunIDPrecondition(runID string) connector.Precondition {
 		}
 
 		if strings.Contains(fileName, runID) {
-			fileNameParts := strings.Split(fileName, "_")
+			fileNameParts := strings.SplitN(fileName, "_", 5)
 			if len(fileNameParts) != 5 {
 				return true
 			}
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ func newWorkflowIDPrecondition(workflowID string) connector.Precondition {
 		}
 
 		if strings.Contains(fileName, workflowID) {
-			fileNameParts := strings.Split(fileName, "_")
+			fileNameParts := strings.SplitN(fileName, "_", 5)
 			if len(fileNameParts) != 5 {
 				return true
 			}
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ func newWorkflowTypeNamePrecondition(workflowTypeName string) connector.Precondi
 		}
 
 		if strings.Contains(fileName, workflowTypeName) {
-			fileNameParts := strings.Split(fileName, "_")
+			fileNameParts := strings.SplitN(fileName, "_", 5)
 			if len(fileNameParts) != 5 {
 				return true
 			}

common/archiver/s3store/visibility_archiver.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package s3store
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"path"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -223,11 +224,17 @@ func (v *visibilityArchiver) queryAll(
 			nextPageToken: nextPageToken,
 			parsedQuery:   &parsedQuery{},
 		}, saTypeMap, searchPrefix, func(key string) bool {
-			// We only want to return entries for the closeTimeout secondary index, which will always be of the form:
-			// .../closeTimeout/<closeTimeout>/<runID>, so we split the key on "/" and check that the third-to-last
-			// element is "closeTimeout".
-			elements := strings.Split(key, "/")
-			return len(elements) >= 3 && elements[len(elements)-3] == secondaryIndexKeyCloseTimeout
+			// We only want to return entries for the closeTimeout secondary index. Keys for this
+			// index are always of the form:
+			//   .../closeTimeout/<timestamp>/<runID>
+			// Walk from the end instead of splitting the whole string to avoid unnecessary
+			// allocations and to keep the logic clear:
+			//   - drop <runID>
+			//   - drop <timestamp>
+			//   - check the remaining last segment equals "closeTimeout".
+			dir := path.Dir(key) // drop runID
+			dir = path.Dir(dir)  // drop <timestamp>
+			return path.Base(dir) == secondaryIndexKeyCloseTimeout
 		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err

common/authorization/default_jwt_claim_mapper.go

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ func (a *defaultJWTClaimMapper) extractPermissions(permissions []interface{}, cl
 			}
 			parts = []string{match[a.matchNamespaceIndex], match[a.matchRoleIndex]}
 		} else {
-			parts = strings.Split(p, ":")
+			parts = strings.SplitN(p, ":", 2)
 			if len(parts) != 2 {
 				a.logger.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("ignoring permission in unexpected format: %v", permission))
 				continue

common/headers/version_checker.go

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package headers
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"slices"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/blang/semver/v4"
@@ -152,8 +151,15 @@ func (vc *versionChecker) ClientSupported(ctx context.Context) error {
 // given feature (which should be one of the Feature... constants above).
 func (vc *versionChecker) ClientSupportsFeature(ctx context.Context, feature string) bool {
 	headers := GetValues(ctx, SupportedFeaturesHeaderName)
-	clientFeatures := strings.Split(headers[0], SupportedFeaturesHeaderDelim)
-	return slices.Contains(clientFeatures, feature)
+	if len(headers) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	for clientFeature := range strings.SplitSeq(headers[0], SupportedFeaturesHeaderDelim) {
+		if clientFeature == feature {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
 }
 
 func mustParseRanges(ranges map[string]string) map[string]semver.Range {

common/persistence/data_interfaces.go

@@ -1385,15 +1385,16 @@ func BuildHistoryGarbageCleanupInfo(namespaceID, workflowID, runID string) strin
 
 // SplitHistoryGarbageCleanupInfo returns workflow identity information
 func SplitHistoryGarbageCleanupInfo(info string) (namespaceID, workflowID, runID string, err error) {
-	ss := strings.Split(info, ":")
-	// workflowID can contain ":" so len(ss) can be greater than 3
-	if len(ss) < numItemsInGarbageInfo {
+	// Expect format: namespaceID:workflowID:runID, but workflowID may contain ':' so we
+	// take everything between the first and last ':' as workflowID.
+	first := strings.IndexByte(info, ':')
+	last := strings.LastIndexByte(info, ':')
+	if first < 0 || first == last { // need at least two ':' to have 3 parts
 		return "", "", "", fmt.Errorf("not able to split info for %s", info)
 	}
-	namespaceID = ss[0]
-	runID = ss[len(ss)-1]
-	workflowEnd := len(info) - len(runID) - 1
-	workflowID = info[len(namespaceID)+1 : workflowEnd]
+	namespaceID = info[:first]
+	workflowID = info[first+1 : last]
+	runID = info[last+1:]
 	return
 }
 

common/persistence/history_task_queue_manager.go

@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ func GetHistoryTaskQueueName(
 }
 
 func GetHistoryTaskQueueCategoryID(queueName string) (int, error) {
-	fields := strings.Split(queueName, "_")
+	fields := strings.SplitN(queueName, "_", 4)
 	if len(fields) != 4 {
 		return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrInvalidQueueName, queueName)
 	}

common/persistence/nosql/nosqlplugin/cassandra/gocql/client.go

@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ func ConfigureCassandraCluster(cfg config.Cassandra, cluster *gocql.ClusterConfi
 // parseHosts returns parses a list of hosts separated by comma
 func parseHosts(input string) []string {
 	var hosts []string
-	for _, h := range strings.Split(input, ",") {
+	for h := range strings.SplitSeq(input, ",") {
 		if host := strings.TrimSpace(h); len(host) > 0 {
 			hosts = append(hosts, host)
 		}

common/persistence/sql/sqlplugin/sqlite/visibility.go

@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ func (mdb *db) processRowFromDB(row *sqlplugin.VisibilityRow) error {
 		for saName, saValue := range *row.SearchAttributes {
 			switch typedSaValue := saValue.(type) {
 			case string:
-				if strings.Index(typedSaValue, keywordListSeparator) >= 0 {
+				if strings.Contains(typedSaValue, keywordListSeparator) {
 					// If the string contains the keywordListSeparator, then we need to split it
 					// into a list of keywords.
 					(*row.SearchAttributes)[saName] = strings.Split(typedSaValue, keywordListSeparator)

common/persistence/visibility/store/sql/query_converter_util.go

@@ -122,9 +122,8 @@ func formatComparisonExprStringForError(expr sqlparser.ComparisonExpr) string {
 // Simple tokenizer by spaces. It's a temporary solution as it doesn't cover tokenizer used by
 // PostgreSQL or SQLite.
 func tokenizeTextQueryString(s string) []string {
-	tokens := strings.Split(s, " ")
-	nonEmptyTokens := make([]string, 0, len(tokens))
-	for _, token := range tokens {
+	nonEmptyTokens := make([]string, 0, strings.Count(s, " ")+1)
+	for token := range strings.SplitSeq(s, " ") {
 		if token != "" {
 			nonEmptyTokens = append(nonEmptyTokens, token)
 		}

common/persistence/visibility/store/sql/query_converter_util_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+package sql
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func Test_tokenizeTextQueryString(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name  string
+		input string
+		want  []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:  "empty",
+			input: "",
+			want:  []string{},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "single token",
+			input: "foo",
+			want:  []string{"foo"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "two tokens",
+			input: "foo bar",
+			want:  []string{"foo", "bar"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "multiple spaces collapsed",
+			input: "a  b   c",
+			want:  []string{"a", "b", "c"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "leading and trailing spaces",
+			input: "  foo   bar  ",
+			want:  []string{"foo", "bar"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "spaces only",
+			input: "    ",
+			want:  []string{},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "tabs are not separators",
+			input: "foo\tbar baz",
+			want:  []string{"foo\tbar", "baz"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "newlines are not separators",
+			input: "foo\nbar baz",
+			want:  []string{"foo\nbar", "baz"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "simple comparison with quotes",
+			input: "status = \"RUNNING\"",
+			want:  []string{"status", "=", "\"RUNNING\""},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "comparison without spaces around operator",
+			input: "status='RUNNING' AND execution_time > 2025-01-01",
+			want:  []string{"status='RUNNING'", "AND", "execution_time", ">", "2025-01-01"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "quoted string with internal space",
+			input: "WorkflowId = 'abc 123' AND RunId = 'xyz'",
+			want:  []string{"WorkflowId", "=", "'abc", "123'", "AND", "RunId", "=", "'xyz'"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "IS NULL and datetime literal",
+			input: "CloseTime IS NULL OR CloseTime > '2024-01-01T00:00:00Z'",
+			want:  []string{"CloseTime", "IS", "NULL", "OR", "CloseTime", ">", "'2024-01-01T00:00:00Z'"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "LIKE pattern",
+			input: "name LIKE '%abc%'",
+			want:  []string{"name", "LIKE", "'%abc%'"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "parentheses and operators",
+			input: "(status = 'FAILED') AND (attempts >= 3)",
+			want:  []string{"(status", "=", "'FAILED')", "AND", "(attempts", ">=", "3)"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "IN with list including spaced item",
+			input: "NamespaceId in ('ns1','ns 2','ns3')",
+			want:  []string{"NamespaceId", "in", "('ns1','ns", "2','ns3')"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "json containment operator",
+			input: "attr_json @> '{\"key\":\"value\"}'",
+			want:  []string{"attr_json", "@>", "'{\"key\":\"value\"}'"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "combined IN and comparison",
+			input: "execution_status IN ('RUNNING','COMPLETED') AND startTime >= 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+			want:  []string{"execution_status", "IN", "('RUNNING','COMPLETED')", "AND", "startTime", ">=", "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := tokenizeTextQueryString(test.input)
+			require.Equal(t, test.want, got)
+		})
+	}
+}

common/telemetry/env.go

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func SpanExportersFromEnv(
 		return exporters, nil
 	}
 
-	for _, exporterType := range strings.Split(exporterTypes, ",") {
+	for exporterType := range strings.SplitSeq(exporterTypes, ",") {
 		switch SpanExporterType(exporterType) {
 		case OtelTracesOtlpExporterType:
 			// only grpc is supported; fail if user requests a different protocol

common/util/proto.go

@@ -9,21 +9,27 @@ import (
 )
 
 func ConvertPathToCamel(input string) []string {
-	pathParts := strings.Split(input, ".")
-	for i, path := range pathParts {
+	var pathParts []string
+	for path := range strings.SplitSeq(input, ".") {
 		// Split by "_" and convert each word to Title Case (CamelCase)
-		words := strings.Split(path, "_")
-		snakeCase := len(words) > 1
-		for j, word := range words {
-			if snakeCase && j > 0 {
-				words[j] = cases.Title(language.Und).String(strings.ToLower(word))
+		var b strings.Builder
+		j := 0
+		for word := range strings.SplitSeq(path, "_") {
+			if j > 0 {
+				b.WriteString(cases.Title(language.Und).String(strings.ToLower(word)))
 			} else {
 				// lowercase the first letter
-				words[j] = strings.ToLower(word[:1]) + word[1:]
+				if len(word) > 0 {
+					b.WriteString(strings.ToLower(word[:1]))
+					if len(word) > 1 {
+						b.WriteString(word[1:])
 					}
 				}
+			}
+			j++
+		}
 		// Join the words into a CamelCase substring
-		pathParts[i] = strings.Join(words, "")
+		pathParts = append(pathParts, b.String())
 	}
 	// Join all CamelCase substrings back with "."
 	return pathParts

common/util/wildcard.go

@@ -22,12 +22,14 @@ func WildCardStringsToRegexp(patterns []string) (*regexp.Regexp, error) {
 	result.WriteRune('^')
 	for i, pattern := range patterns {
 		result.WriteRune('(')
-		for i, literal := range strings.Split(pattern, "*") {
-			if i > 0 {
+		first := true
+		for literal := range strings.SplitSeq(pattern, "*") {
+			if !first {
 				// Replace * with .*
 				result.WriteString(".*")
 			}
 			result.WriteString(regexp.QuoteMeta(literal))
+			first = false
 		}
 		result.WriteRune(')')
 		if i < len(patterns)-1 {

components/callbacks/config.go

@@ -95,12 +95,14 @@ func allowedAddressConverter(val any) ([]AddressMatchRule, error) {
 func addressPatternToRegexp(pattern string) string {
 	var result strings.Builder
 	result.WriteString("^")
-	for i, literal := range strings.Split(pattern, "*") {
-		if i > 0 {
+	first := true
+	for literal := range strings.SplitSeq(pattern, "*") {
+		if !first {
 			// Replace * with .*
 			result.WriteString(".*")
 		}
 		result.WriteString(regexp.QuoteMeta(literal))
+		first = false
 	}
 	result.WriteString("$")
 	return result.String()

components/callbacks/config_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package callbacks
+
+import (
+	"regexp"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func Test_addressPatternToRegexp(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name    string
+		pattern string
+		want    string
+	}{
+		{name: "empty", pattern: "", want: "^$"},
+		{name: "no_wildcard", pattern: "foo", want: "^foo$"},
+		{name: "single_wildcard_only", pattern: "*", want: "^.*$"},
+		{name: "leading_wildcard", pattern: "*foo", want: "^.*foo$"},
+		{name: "trailing_wildcard", pattern: "foo*", want: "^foo.*$"},
+		{name: "surrounded_wildcard", pattern: "*foo*", want: "^.*foo.*$"},
+		{name: "middle_wildcard", pattern: "foo*bar", want: "^foo.*bar$"},
+		{name: "literal_dots_around_wildcard", pattern: "foo.*bar", want: "^foo\\..*bar$"},
+		{name: "prefix_subdomain", pattern: "prefix.*.domain", want: "^prefix\\..*\\.domain$"},
+		{name: "leading_any_subdomain", pattern: "*.example.com", want: "^.*\\.example\\.com$"},
+		{name: "host_with_port", pattern: "api.example.com:8080", want: "^api\\.example\\.com:8080$"},
+		{name: "consecutive_wildcards", pattern: "a**b", want: "^a.*.*b$"},
+		{name: "triple_wildcards", pattern: "a***b", want: "^a.*.*.*b$"},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := addressPatternToRegexp(test.pattern)
+			require.Equal(t, test.want, got)
+			_, err := regexp.Compile(got)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		})
+	}
+}

components/nexusoperations/frontend/handler.go

@@ -402,8 +402,10 @@ func (c *requestContext) augmentContext(ctx context.Context, header http.Header)
 		func() string { return methodNameForMetrics },
 	)
 	if userAgent := header.Get(http.CanonicalHeaderKey(headerUserAgent)); userAgent != "" {
-		parts := strings.Split(userAgent, clientNameVersionDelim)
-		if len(parts) == 2 {
+		// Preserve original strict behavior: only process if exactly one delimiter present.
+		if strings.Count(userAgent, clientNameVersionDelim) == 1 {
+			parts := strings.SplitN(userAgent, clientNameVersionDelim, 2)
+			if len(parts) == 2 { // defensive
 				mdIncoming, ok := metadata.FromIncomingContext(ctx)
 				if !ok {
 					mdIncoming = metadata.MD{}
@@ -413,6 +415,7 @@ func (c *requestContext) augmentContext(ctx context.Context, header http.Header)
 				ctx = metadata.NewIncomingContext(ctx, mdIncoming)
 			}
 		}
+	}
 	return headers.Propagate(ctx)
 }
 

service/frontend/nexus_handler.go

@@ -126,8 +126,12 @@ func (c *operationContext) augmentContext(ctx context.Context, header nexus.Head
 		func() string { return c.method },
 	)
 	if userAgent, ok := header[headerUserAgent]; ok {
-		parts := strings.Split(userAgent, clientNameVersionDelim)
-		if len(parts) == 2 {
+		// Use SplitN for efficiency but enforce exactly one delimiter to preserve the
+		// original (pre-SplitN) strictness where additional delimiters cause us to ignore
+		// the header instead of coalescing trailing data into the version string.
+		if strings.Count(userAgent, clientNameVersionDelim) == 1 { // exact single occurrence
+			parts := strings.SplitN(userAgent, clientNameVersionDelim, 2)
+			if len(parts) == 2 { // always true given Count==1, kept for defensive clarity
 				mdIncoming, ok := metadata.FromIncomingContext(ctx)
 				if !ok {
 					mdIncoming = metadata.MD{}
@@ -137,6 +141,7 @@ func (c *operationContext) augmentContext(ctx context.Context, header nexus.Head
 				ctx = metadata.NewIncomingContext(ctx, mdIncoming)
 			}
 		}
+	}
 	return headers.Propagate(ctx)
 }
 

service/worker/scheduler/calendar.go

@@ -270,14 +270,26 @@ func parseCronString(c string) (*schedulepb.StructuredCalendarSpec, *schedulepb.
 
 	// split fields
 	cal := schedulepb.CalendarSpec{Comment: comment}
-	fields := strings.Fields(c)
-	switch len(fields) {
+	// Use FieldsSeq to avoid building an unbounded slice; we only accept 5–7 fields.
+	const maxCronFields = 7
+	var toks [maxCronFields]string
+	n := 0
+	for tok := range strings.FieldsSeq(c) {
+		if n < maxCronFields {
+			toks[n] = tok
+			n++
+			continue
+		}
+		// More than 7 fields → invalid.
+		return nil, nil, "", errors.New("CronString does not have 5-7 fields")
+	}
+	switch n {
 	case 5:
-		cal.Minute, cal.Hour, cal.DayOfMonth, cal.Month, cal.DayOfWeek = fields[0], fields[1], fields[2], fields[3], fields[4]
+		cal.Minute, cal.Hour, cal.DayOfMonth, cal.Month, cal.DayOfWeek = toks[0], toks[1], toks[2], toks[3], toks[4]
 	case 6:
-		cal.Minute, cal.Hour, cal.DayOfMonth, cal.Month, cal.DayOfWeek, cal.Year = fields[0], fields[1], fields[2], fields[3], fields[4], fields[5]
+		cal.Minute, cal.Hour, cal.DayOfMonth, cal.Month, cal.DayOfWeek, cal.Year = toks[0], toks[1], toks[2], toks[3], toks[4], toks[5]
 	case 7:
-		cal.Second, cal.Minute, cal.Hour, cal.DayOfMonth, cal.Month, cal.DayOfWeek, cal.Year = fields[0], fields[1], fields[2], fields[3], fields[4], fields[5], fields[6]
+		cal.Second, cal.Minute, cal.Hour, cal.DayOfMonth, cal.Month, cal.DayOfWeek, cal.Year = toks[0], toks[1], toks[2], toks[3], toks[4], toks[5], toks[6]
 	default:
 		return nil, nil, "", errors.New("CronString does not have 5-7 fields")
 	}
@@ -404,15 +416,23 @@ func makeRange(s, field, def string, minVal, maxVal int, parseMode parseMode) ([
 		return nil, nil // special case for year: all is represented as empty range list
 	}
 	var ranges []*schedulepb.Range
-	for _, part := range strings.Split(s, ",") {
+	for part := range strings.SplitSeq(s, ",") {
 		var err error
 		step := 1
 		hasStep := false
-		if strings.Contains(part, "/") {
-			skipParts := strings.Split(part, "/")
-			if len(skipParts) != 2 {
+		slashes := strings.Count(part, "/")
+		if slashes > 1 {
+			// Inputs like "3/5/7" should yield the canonical "too many slashes" error
+			// (instead of a later strconv parse error) so tests get consistent results.
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s has too many slashes", field)
 		}
+		if slashes == 1 {
+			// A single slash introduces an integer step.
+			skipParts := strings.SplitN(part, "/", 2)
+			// Count==1 guarantees len==2; only need to ensure the right side is non-empty.
+			if skipParts[1] == "" { // e.g. "5/"
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s missing step value", field)
+			}
 			part = skipParts[0]
 			step, err = strconv.Atoi(skipParts[1])
 			if err != nil {
@@ -427,7 +447,13 @@ func makeRange(s, field, def string, minVal, maxVal int, parseMode parseMode) ([
 		start, end := minVal, maxVal
 		if part != "*" {
 			if strings.Contains(part, "-") {
-				rangeParts := strings.Split(part, "-")
+				// Only a single dash is allowed to denote a range (e.g. "1-5").
+				// Inputs with multiple dashes like "1-5-7" should raise the
+				// canonical "too many dashes" error expected by tests.
+				if strings.Count(part, "-") > 1 { // no negative numbers are expected in spec
+					return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s has too many dashes", field)
+				}
+				rangeParts := strings.SplitN(part, "-", 2)
 				if len(rangeParts) != 2 {
 					return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s has too many dashes", field)
 				}

tools/cassandra/handler.go

@@ -185,11 +185,9 @@ func parseOptionsMap(value string) map[string]string {
 		return make(map[string]string)
 	}
 
-	split := strings.Split(value, ",")
-
 	parsedMap := make(map[string]string)
 
-	for _, pair := range split {
+	for pair := range strings.SplitSeq(value, ",") {
 		trimmedPair := strings.ReplaceAll(pair, " ", "")
 		if len(trimmedPair) == 0 {
 			continue